Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and has become a major public health problem globally. Diabetes is the risk factor for osmotic fragility.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to describe erythrocyte osmotic fragility changes in type II diabetes. The osmotic fragility test is a measure of the resistance of erythrocytes to hemolysis by osmotic stress.

Material and method: In this study 50 diabetic type 2 patients were informed about the study and parameters selected for the study are : median corpuscular fragility (MCF), hemoglobin(HB), hemoglobin A1c(HA1c), Fasting blood glucose (FBG).

Result: The analyzed results showed: Patients with type 2 diabetes have a significantly higher erythrocyte mechanical fragility. And that fasting blood glucose and anemia are also strongest correlate of increased mechanical fragility of erythrocytes.

Conclusion: The result of FBG, HBA1c and OFT were significantly increased in diabetic’s type 2 patient (p value < 0.05), furthermore hemoglobin (HB) estimation was significantly decreased in diabetic’s type 2 patient (p value <0.05). The correlation between OFT and duration of type 2 DM were positive significant correlation (p value < 0.05).